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'\" t .\" Title: git-update-ref .\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://www.docbook.org/tdg5/en/html/author] .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/> .\" Date: 07/09/2025 .\" Manual: Git Manual .\" Source: Git 2.48.2 .\" Language: English .\" .TH "GIT\-UPDATE\-REF" "1" "07/09/2025" "Git 2\&.48\&.2" "Git Manual" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673 .\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq .el .ds Aq ' .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * set default formatting .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" disable hyphenation .nh .\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only) .ad l .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .SH "NAME" git-update-ref \- Update the object name stored in a ref safely .SH "SYNOPSIS" .sp .nf \fIgit update\-ref\fR [\-m <reason>] [\-\-no\-deref] (\-d <ref> [<old\-oid>] | [\-\-create\-reflog] <ref> <new\-oid> [<old\-oid>] | \-\-stdin [\-z]) .fi .sp .SH "DESCRIPTION" .sp Given two arguments, stores the <new\-oid> in the <ref>, possibly dereferencing the symbolic refs\&. E\&.g\&. \fBgit\fR \fBupdate\-ref\fR \fBHEAD\fR \fI<new\-oid>\fR updates the current branch head to the new object\&. .sp Given three arguments, stores the <new\-oid> in the <ref>, possibly dereferencing the symbolic refs, after verifying that the current value of the <ref> matches <old\-oid>\&. E\&.g\&. \fBgit\fR \fBupdate\-ref\fR \fBrefs/heads/master\fR \fI<new\-oid>\fR \fI<old\-oid>\fR updates the master branch head to <new\-oid> only if its current value is <old\-oid>\&. You can specify 40 "0" or an empty string as <old\-oid> to make sure that the ref you are creating does not exist\&. .sp The final arguments are object names; this command without any options does not support updating a symbolic ref to point to another ref (see \fBgit-symbolic-ref\fR(1))\&. But \fBgit\fR \fBupdate\-ref\fR \fB\-\-stdin\fR does have the \fBsymref\-\fR* commands so that regular refs and symbolic refs can be committed in the same transaction\&. .sp If \-\-no\-deref is given, <ref> itself is overwritten, rather than the result of following the symbolic pointers\&. .sp With \fB\-d\fR, it deletes the named <ref> after verifying that it still contains <old\-oid>\&. .sp With \fB\-\-stdin\fR, update\-ref reads instructions from standard input and performs all modifications together\&. Specify commands of the form: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf update SP <ref> SP <new\-oid> [SP <old\-oid>] LF create SP <ref> SP <new\-oid> LF delete SP <ref> [SP <old\-oid>] LF verify SP <ref> [SP <old\-oid>] LF symref\-update SP <ref> SP <new\-target> [SP (ref SP <old\-target> | oid SP <old\-oid>)] LF symref\-create SP <ref> SP <new\-target> LF symref\-delete SP <ref> [SP <old\-target>] LF symref\-verify SP <ref> [SP <old\-target>] LF option SP <opt> LF start LF prepare LF commit LF abort LF .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .sp With \fB\-\-create\-reflog\fR, update\-ref will create a reflog for each ref even if one would not ordinarily be created\&. .sp Quote fields containing whitespace as if they were strings in C source code; i\&.e\&., surrounded by double\-quotes and with backslash escapes\&. Use 40 "0" characters or the empty string to specify a zero value\&. To specify a missing value, omit the value and its preceding SP entirely\&. .sp Alternatively, use \fB\-z\fR to specify in NUL\-terminated format, without quoting: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf update SP <ref> NUL <new\-oid> NUL [<old\-oid>] NUL create SP <ref> NUL <new\-oid> NUL delete SP <ref> NUL [<old\-oid>] NUL verify SP <ref> NUL [<old\-oid>] NUL symref\-update SP <ref> NUL <new\-target> [NUL (ref NUL <old\-target> | oid NUL <old\-oid>)] NUL symref\-create SP <ref> NUL <new\-target> NUL symref\-delete SP <ref> [NUL <old\-target>] NUL symref\-verify SP <ref> [NUL <old\-target>] NUL option SP <opt> NUL start NUL prepare NUL commit NUL abort NUL .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .sp In this format, use 40 "0" to specify a zero value, and use the empty string to specify a missing value\&. .sp In either format, values can be specified in any form that Git recognizes as an object name\&. Commands in any other format or a repeated <ref> produce an error\&. Command meanings are: .PP update .RS 4 Set <ref> to <new\-oid> after verifying <old\-oid>, if given\&. Specify a zero <new\-oid> to ensure the ref does not exist after the update and/or a zero <old\-oid> to make sure the ref does not exist before the update\&. .RE .PP create .RS 4 Create <ref> with <new\-oid> after verifying that it does not exist\&. The given <new\-oid> may not be zero\&. .RE .PP delete .RS 4 Delete <ref> after verifying that it exists with <old\-oid>, if given\&. If given, <old\-oid> may not be zero\&. .RE .PP symref\-update .RS 4 Set <ref> to <new\-target> after verifying <old\-target> or <old\-oid>, if given\&. Specify a zero <old\-oid> to ensure that the ref does not exist before the update\&. .RE .PP verify .RS 4 Verify <ref> against <old\-oid> but do not change it\&. If <old\-oid> is zero or missing, the ref must not exist\&. .RE .sp symref\-create: Create symbolic ref <ref> with <new\-target> after verifying that it does not exist\&. .PP symref\-delete .RS 4 Delete <ref> after verifying that it exists with <old\-target>, if given\&. .RE .PP symref\-verify .RS 4 Verify symbolic <ref> against <old\-target> but do not change it\&. If <old\-target> is missing, the ref must not exist\&. Can only be used in \fBno\-deref\fR mode\&. .RE .PP option .RS 4 Modify the behavior of the next command naming a <ref>\&. The only valid option is \fBno\-deref\fR to avoid dereferencing a symbolic ref\&. .RE .PP start .RS 4 Start a transaction\&. In contrast to a non\-transactional session, a transaction will automatically abort if the session ends without an explicit commit\&. This command may create a new empty transaction when the current one has been committed or aborted already\&. .RE .PP prepare .RS 4 Prepare to commit the transaction\&. This will create lock files for all queued reference updates\&. If one reference could not be locked, the transaction will be aborted\&. .RE .PP commit .RS 4 Commit all reference updates queued for the transaction, ending the transaction\&. .RE .PP abort .RS 4 Abort the transaction, releasing all locks if the transaction is in prepared state\&. .RE .sp If all <ref>s can be locked with matching <old\-oid>s simultaneously, all modifications are performed\&. Otherwise, no modifications are performed\&. Note that while each individual <ref> is updated or deleted atomically, a concurrent reader may still see a subset of the modifications\&. .SH "LOGGING UPDATES" .sp If config parameter "core\&.logAllRefUpdates" is true and the ref is one under "refs/heads/", "refs/remotes/", "refs/notes/", or a pseudoref like HEAD or ORIG_HEAD; or the file "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>" exists then \fBgit\fR \fBupdate\-ref\fR will append a line to the log file "$GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>" (dereferencing all symbolic refs before creating the log name) describing the change in ref value\&. Log lines are formatted as: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf oldsha1 SP newsha1 SP committer LF .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .sp Where "oldsha1" is the 40 character hexadecimal value previously stored in <ref>, "newsha1" is the 40 character hexadecimal value of <new\-oid> and "committer" is the committer\(cqs name, email address and date in the standard Git committer ident format\&. .sp Optionally with \-m: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf oldsha1 SP newsha1 SP committer TAB message LF .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .sp Where all fields are as described above and "message" is the value supplied to the \-m option\&. .sp An update will fail (without changing <ref>) if the current user is unable to create a new log file, append to the existing log file or does not have committer information available\&. .SH "NOTES" .sp Symbolic refs were initially implemented using symbolic links\&. This is now deprecated since not all filesystems support symbolic links\&. .sp This command follows \fBreal\fR symlinks only if they start with "refs/": otherwise it will just try to read them and update them as a regular file (i\&.e\&. it will allow the filesystem to follow them, but will overwrite such a symlink to somewhere else with a regular filename)\&. .SH "SEE ALSO" .sp \fBgit-symbolic-ref\fR(1) .SH "GIT" .sp Part of the \fBgit\fR(1) suite
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